Although cancer care has evolved to include effective non-surgical options, surgery remains the most definitive form of cancer treatment. Most cancer patients will have some form of surgery during the course of their treatment—however, the key phrase is "minimally invasive."

Piedmont's goal is to balance minimally invasive surgical options with the most effective treatment possible. For example, operating laparoscopically for tumors in the colon and rectum saves muscles and tissue, minimizing incisions and speeding recovery. Neurosurgeons have adopted minimally invasive techniques for diagnosis of brain tumors as well as treatment—which involves placing a small endoscope in the head and navigating around the tumor, biopsying it or even removing it. Breast cancer surgery also has become less invasive and disfiguring, thanks to better diagnosis and aggressive pre-operative chemotherapy. In addition, doctors are taking out fewer lymph nodes because they are able to obtain more information from those that are removed.

Piedmont's skilled staff of surgeons from all subspecialties offer the opportunity for biopsies, endoscopic procedures, invasive surgeries to remove of malignant growths, and the placement of therapeutic equipment—such as implanted intravenous devices for easier treatment delivery of chemotherapy drugs.